Guide to design PV module for solar power system

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GUIDE TO DESIGN THE PV MODULE

To design PV module:

1. Calculate total Watt-hours per day.

Calculate total Watt-hours per day for each appliance used. Add the Watt-hours needed for all appliances together to get the total Watt-hours per day which must be delivered to the appliances.

2. Calculate total Watt-hours per day needed from the PV modules.
Due to the energy lost in the system, multiply the total appliances Watt-hours per day (in 1 above) by 1.3 to get the total Watt-hours per day which must be provided by the panels.

Watt-hours (per day) needed from the PV modules = 1.3 x total Watt-hours per day.

3. Calculate the PV modules.
To find out the sizing of PV module, the total peak watt produced is needed. The peak watt (Wp) produced depends on size of the PV module and the climate of the site location. We have to consider “panel generation factor” which is different in each site location. Panel generation factor (kWh/m2/day) is the multiplication of collection efficiency and the solar radiation at the site location.

(Click here to get your site PGF)

For example, one site in Vietnam has PGF = 4.58 kWh/m2/day, the size of PV modules is calculated as below:

3.1. Calculate the total Watt-peak rating needed for PV modules

Divide the total Watt-hours per day needed from the PV modules (from item 2) by PGF to get the total Watt-peak rating needed for the PV panels needed to operate the appliances.

3.2 Calculate the number of PV panels for the system:

Divide the answer obtained in item 3.1 by the rated output Watt-peak of the PV modules available to you. Increase any fractional part of result to the next highest full number and that will be the number of PV modules required.

Result of the calculation is the minimum number of PV panels. If more PV modules are installed, the system will perform better and battery life will be improved. If fewer PV modules are used, the system may not work at all during cloudy periods and battery life will be shorten.

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